Duck Mussel (Sinanodonta woodiana)

Family: Unionidae

Duck Mussel — East Asia's river mussel and bitterling host. Shell reaches 10–15 cm; keep at 15–26 °C in a mature tank.

Care parameters

Water temperature
15–26 °C
pH
7–8
GH hardness
8–20 dGH
Adult length
10–15 cm
Minimum tank
100 L
Water layer
Buried in the substrate — siphons at the surface
Difficulty
Moderate
Temperament
Harmless filter feeder
Origin
East Asia — China, Japan, Korea, Amur basin

Species overview

Sinanodonta woodiana is a Unionidae freshwater mussel, East Asia's classic river mussel and the traditional host of bitterling. In the aquarium it is a harmless filter feeder that clears green water. Plan on a 10–15 cm shell at 15–26 °C in a mature tank; it needs suspended foods and stable, unheated-tolerant conditions.

Native biotope

Habitat
Still or slow waters with sandy-muddy bottoms
Flow
Still to very gentle current
Dissolved O₂
Moderate oxygen

Aquascape & hardware

Substrate
Fine sand — it buries almost completely
Hardscape
Partially buried stones for orientation
Plants
Any; unbothered by plants

Temperament, diet & tankmates

Schooling
Keep singly or a pair
Diet
Filter feeder on phytoplankton; benefits from green water or invertebrate foods
Recommended tankmates
  • Bitterling — Spawns inside the mussel in nature — a living symbiosis
  • Cold-hardy native community fish — Same cool, hard water
Avoid keeping with
  • Copper-based medications — Lethal to all invertebrates
  • Loaches that dig — Disturb a buried mussel

Breeding & notes

Sexual dimorphism
No practical external difference
Breeding method
In the wild uses bitterling as its fish host; rarely reproduces in aquaria

Frequently asked questions

Is Duck Mussel easy to keep?

Intermediate difficulty. Harmless filter feeder; keep singly or a pair.

What temperature and water chemistry does Duck Mussel need?

Hold 15–26 °C and keep it stable — 15–26 °C stable range. Stable 15–26 °C; tolerates an unheated native tank.

How big does Duck Mussel get, and what tank size?

Adults reach 10–15 cm; it is buried in the substrate — siphons at the surface. Plan for at least 100 litres.

What does Duck Mussel eat?

Filter feeder on phytoplankton; benefits from green water or invertebrate foods. It forages naturally over fine sand — it buries almost completely, so let some food reach the bottom.

Can Duck Mussel live with other fish?

Yes, with care. Harmless filter feeder — pair it with Bitterling — Spawns inside the mussel in nature — a living symbiosis, Cold-hardy native community fish — Same cool, hard water and skip Copper-based medications — Lethal to all invertebrates, Loaches that dig — Disturb a buried mussel.

Where does Duck Mussel come from?

Comes from East Asia — China, Japan, Korea, Amur basin: still or slow waters with sandy-muddy bottoms. Expect still to very gentle current and moderate oxygen.

How does Duck Mussel breed?

In the wild uses bitterling as its fish host; rarely reproduces in aquaria. No practical external difference.