black snakehead (Channa melasoma)

Family: Channidae

black snakehead — a Channidae from Malay Peninsula, predatory and best kept alone or in a carefully planned pair. Reaches 22.5–33 cm; singles for life; a true pair is the exception. 22–27 °C.

Care parameters

Water temperature
22–27 °C
pH
6.5–7.5
GH hardness
5–15 dGH
Adult length
22.5–33 cm
Minimum tank
500 L
Water layer
Bottom-dwelling
Difficulty
Moderate
Temperament
Predatory and best kept alone or in a carefully planned pair
Origin
Malay Peninsula

Species overview

Channa melasoma, a member of the family Channidae, comes from Malay Peninsula, where it inhabits still and slow waters among vegetation. Predatory and best kept alone or in a carefully planned pair and committed piscivore — whole fish, shrimp and meaty foods, it grows to 22.5–33 cm and adapts well to a properly set-up aquarium in the 22–27 °C range. Other Channa species in our database include Channa argus, Channa asiatica, Channa aurantimaculata.

Native biotope

Habitat
Still and slow waters among vegetation
Flow
Still to gentle
Dissolved O₂
Tolerates low oxygen; air-breathing

Aquascape & hardware

Substrate
Soft sand
Hardscape
Dense cover and caves
Plants
Dense planting

Temperament, diet & tankmates

Schooling
Singles for life; a true pair is the exception
Diet
Committed piscivore — whole fish, shrimp and meaty foods
Recommended tankmates
  • A bonded pair in a very large tank — Only for the experienced
Avoid keeping with
  • Any fish smaller than itself — Food, not company

Breeding & notes

Sexual dimorphism
Males have a narrower head
Breeding method
Surface-nesting with committed biparental guarding

Frequently asked questions

Is black snakehead easy to keep?

Difficulty: moderate. Predatory and best kept alone or in a carefully planned pair. Singles for life; a true pair is the exception.

What temperature and water chemistry does black snakehead need?

Set the heater to 22–27 °C and avoid swings. pH 6.5–7.5, GH 5–15 dGH suit it.

How big does black snakehead get, and what tank size?

Adults reach 22.5–33 cm; it is bottom-dwelling. Plan for at least 500 litres.

What does black snakehead eat?

Committed piscivore — whole fish, shrimp and meaty foods. Vary the menu — quality flakes or pellets plus frozen or live foods.

Can black snakehead live with other fish?

Predatory and best kept alone or in a carefully planned pair; singles for life; a true pair is the exception. Good company: A bonded pair in a very large tank — Only for the experienced. Keep away from Any fish smaller than itself — Food, not company.

Where does black snakehead come from?

Its home waters are Malay Peninsula — still and slow waters among vegetation, with still to gentle.

Does black snakehead jump?

It can jump when startled — keep the tank tightly covered, especially at night and during maintenance.

How does black snakehead breed?

In the aquarium: surface-nesting with committed biparental guarding. Males have a narrower head.